Flavorful Kebabs, Fragrant Biryani along with Much More: Indian City Secures a Place on the UNESCO Gastronomy List.

Aromatic rice dish cooking using the classic Dum method
Biryani in Lucknow is simmered on a gentle, slow heat, with the pot's lid tightly closed with dough.

Delectable kebabs, scented biryani, and whipped, cloud-like desserts.

The historic city in northern India of Lucknow has forever been a haven for gastronomes, with residents and travelers alike praising its exquisite cuisine.

Worldwide Recognition

Recently, The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization designated it as a City of Gastronomy within its Creative Cities Network – placing it on a select group of world cities and kindling hopes that it will spotlight Lucknow's exceptional food. With this title, it becomes part of a global network of cities urban centers across over 100 countries focused on promoting "innovation as a key factor of city development that is sustainable".

The recognition "demonstrates its centuries-old food heritage and lively gastronomic culture," as noted by a official from Unesco's regional bureau for South Asia.

Lucknow is merely the second Indian city – following Hyderabad, which was selected in 2019 – to secure a position in this highly sought-after list of 70 cities internationally.

A Metropolis Shaped by Cuisine

The accolade for this historic city is little surprise to its locals or passionate food lovers. Many share the view that it is "better late than never".

With the UNESCO recognition, this beloved, bustling, and vibrant city – the capital of India's biggest state – is finally in the global gaze for what has always shaped its essence: an immense devotion for food.

"'What's for dinner, the method of preparation' is a constant dialogue from morning until going to bed in most homes," states a local cultural expert. "And you are truly evaluated by the excellence of food that is produced in your kitchen."
Succulent kebabs being served
Lucknow is famous for its succulent kebabs.

A Royal Culinary Legacy

The Nawabi City – as it's often referred to after its historic wealthy Muslim rulers – is noted for its tender kebabs and a distinctive take on biryani that were created, perfected, and raised to extraordinary levels in their opulent kitchens.

These imperial kitchens were epicenters of food experimentation, blending Persian and indigenous Indian styles to create what became known as the cuisine of Awadh.

It was during this time that Lucknow's most famous kebabs were developed. As the tale is told that the galouti kebab was invented to cater to an elderly nawab who had no longer had his teeth. His culinary artists minced the meat with raw papaya, saffron, and a blend of spices and made it so soft that it required no chewing.

But perhaps the biggest contribution of the chefs of Awadh was the slow-cooking Dum pukht technique, where food is cooked on a low, leisurely heat, with the pot's lid tightly closed with a flour paste.

Beyond Kebabs and Biryani

Besides the famous kebabs and biryani, the culinary masters also built up a vast array of dishes that included kormas (rich curries), sheermal (saffron-infused flatbread), and shahi tukda (a rich bread pudding).

However, Lucknow is not only about kebabs and biryani – the region is additionally a vegetarian's paradise.

The local Baniya community's cuisine not only celebrates local ingredients but also provides the city its highly curated Indian desserts, sweets, and unique street food, like chaat – spicy fried snacks.

Fluffy dessert a winter specialty
The city presents unique seasonal delights, such as Makkhan Malai, a one-of-a-kind airy dessert, during winter months.

Time-Tested Food Joints

Nearly on every corner, there are tiny kiosks and kiosks – hidden delights that are wildly favored by the locals.

In the central district of Hazratganj, large gatherings start assembling from early morning at a renowned tea stall to get a steaming cup of milky masala chai, presented in clay glasses, along with fluffy buns slathered with hand-churned white butter.

For breakfast, one can visit a unpretentious joint located in the old city area of Aminabad. Nearly 150 years after it was set up, the place is still much sought-after for its hot kachoris (fried bread stuffed with lentils) and jalebis (crispy, syrup-soaked sweets).

Popular tea stall offering masala chai
A legendary tea stall is celebrated for its milky masala chai.

Preserving Tradition for the Future

The city also offers remarkable seasonal delights, such as makkhan malai, a airy dessert found in the winter. The process of making it is intricate and demanding. The vendor hand-churns the milk and then sets it out at night, allowing the dew to give it its unique light consistency.

On crisp mornings, street vendors are often seen in historic neighborhoods like Aminabad and Chowk. A number of but express concern that their younger generation are reluctant to learn the craft.

A well-known culinary expert from Lucknow has noted that the city's rich food legacy places it at the very pinnacle of the Indian street food experience. The true benefit from the UNESCO recognition, it is believed, will occur only if Lucknow can now generate interest about its under-the-radar eateries.

Every dish in Lucknow has a narrative – shaped by family-run food businesses, from modest street carts to lively restaurants, and closely held family recipes.

The worldwide honor, it is hoped, will motivate more people around the world to discover these stories and visit the city to taste the gastronomic treasures of Lucknow.

Richard Zavala
Richard Zavala

Productivity expert and tech enthusiast helping professionals work smarter.